In sessions with older children we can cover a variety of subjects and topics, in the KS2 curriculum, including:
English Years 3 and 4:
Writing: Writing is split into these distinct subtopics:
- transcription
- composition and vocabulary
- grammar and punctuation
- Teaching Spelling:
- use more prefixes and suffixes, and know how to add them to a word;
- spell more homophones (e.g. been/bean, bare/bear);
- spell words which are often misspelt;
- use the possessive apostrophe with accuracy in words with regular plurals and irregular plurals (e.g. girls’ vs children’s);
- write simple sentences from memory that include words and punctuation they’ve been taught so far.
- Teaching Handwriting:
- know how to join letters for cursive writing, and understand which letters look best unjoined;
- improve the readability, consistency and quality of their handwriting. The spaces between lines and letters should be clear and easy to read.
- Teaching Writing Composition:
- planning;
- drafting;
- evaluating;
- editing;
- and proofreading.
- Vocabulary, Grammar and Punctuation:
- use more than one clause in a sentence by using a wide range of conjunctions;
- use the present perfect form of verbs instead of the past tense;
- choose when to use nouns and pronouns to avoid repetition and make their writing clear;
- use conjunctions, adverbs and prepositions to express time and reason;
- use fronted adverbials and know to use a comma after them;
- use the possessive apostrophe correctly;
- use and punctuate direct speech accurately;
- use and understand grammatical terminology.
Reading and Comprehension Skills:
- Teaching strategies for reading unknown words.
- apply their knowledge of root words, prefixes and suffixes to read out loud and understand new words they encounter;
- read more irregular words and note the difference in spelling or sounds.
- Teaching strategies for understanding, interpreting and responding to texts.
- read, listen and discuss a wide range of fiction and non-fiction texts, including poetry, plays and textbooks;
- understand the themes, plots and ideas of the texts they read;
- become more familiar with a wide range of books, including fairy stories and myths and legends;
- read books with different structures;
- learn how language, structure and presentation affect the meaning of a text;
- use non-fiction texts to find and record information
Teaching Spoken Language:
- Teaching behaviour in discussions or debates:
- listen to and respond to adults and their peers;
- ask relevant questions;
- articulate their answers and opinions, using reasons to justify them;
- stay focused and actively contribute;
- speak audibly and fluently;
- gain, maintain and monitor the attention of other listeners;
- consider and evaluate viewpoints different from their own.
Maths Year 3 and 4:
The eight main maths areas, which are included in the national curriculum for maths throughout KS2 are:
- Number – Number and Place Value
- Number – Addition and Subtraction
- Number – Multiplication and Division
- Number – Fractions
- Measurement
- Geometry – Properties of Shape
- Geometry – Position and Direction (not included in year 3)
- Statistics
Year 3
- Teaching Number and Place Value:
- recognise the place value of each digit in a three-digit number.
- count from 0 in multiples of 4, 8, 50 and 100
- compare and order numbers up to 1000
- Teaching Addition and Subtraction:
- add and subtract numbers with up to three digits
- use formal written method of column addition and subtraction
- Teaching Multiplication and Division:
- 3, 4 and 8 multiplication tables.
- using their knowledge of multiplication and division to help them solve problems
- using mental and progressing to formal written methods.
- Teaching Fractions:
- recognise, find and write fractions of a set of objects.
- know what unit and non-unit fractions are.
- add and subtract fractions with the same denominator.
- Teaching Measurement:
- measure, compare, add and subtract different lengths, mass and volume/capacity.
- complete calculations with amounts of money.
- tell and write the time from an analogue clock, including using Roman numerals up to XII.
- Teaching Geometry:
- practise drawing 2D shapes.
- recognise and describe 3D shapes in different orientations.
- identify right angles.
- identify horizontal and vertical lines.
- Teaching Statistics:
- interpret and present data using bar charts, pictograms and tables.
- solve one-step problems and two-step questions using information presented in these pictorial representations.
Year 4
- Teaching Number and Place Value:
- count in multiples of 6, 7, 9, 25 and 1000.
- order and compare numbers beyond 1000.
- round numbers to the nearest 10, 100 or 1000.
- Teaching Addition and Subtraction:
- use the formal written methods of columnar addition and subtraction to add and subtract numbers with up to 4 digits.
- be able to check answers to different calculations by estimating and using inverse operations.
- Teaching Multiplication and Division:
- use multiplication and division facts for the times tables up to 12×12.
- multiply and divide numbers mentally using place value facts, including dividing by 1, multiplying by 0 and 1 and multiplying together 3 numbers.
- use a formal written layout to multiply two-digit and three-digit numbers by one-digit numbers.
- Teaching Fractions:
- write decimal equivalents to ¼, ½ and ¾.
- write and recognise decimal equivalents of tenths or hundredths.
- round decimals with one decimal place to the nearest whole number.
- Teaching Measurement:
- read and convert time between analogue and digital clocks.
- be able to convert from hours to minutes as well as minutes to seconds, years to months and weeks to days.
- Teaching Geometry- Shapes:
- identify acute and obtuse angles.
- by knowing the properties and sizes of shapes, compare and classify them.
- Teaching Geometry- Position and Directions:
- use a 2D grid to describe positions as coordinates in the first quadrant.
- complete a polygon by plotting points and drawing sides.
- Teaching Statistics:
- use graphical methods, including bar charts and time graph to present data.
- interpret information presented on graphs, charts, pictograms and tables and solve comparison, sum and difference problems.
English Years 5 and 6:
Writing: Writing is split into these distinct subtopics:
- transcription
- composition and vocabulary
- grammar and punctuation
- Teaching Transcription:
- spell some words with silent letters (e.g. knight, psalm, solemn);
- continue to tell the difference between homophones and other words which are often confused;
- understand that the spelling of some words needs to be learnt specifically and doesn’t necessarily follow a pattern;
- use the first 3 or 4 letters of a word to check its spelling and meaning in a dictionary;
- use a thesaurus to find alternate words which have the same or similar meanings.
- Teaching Handwriting:
- write legibly and fluently at a faster pace;
- choose which shape of a letter to use;
- decide whether to join specific letters;
- choose the writing equipment that’s best for the task, such as a pen or pencil.
- Teaching Writing Composition:
- planning;
- drafting;
- evaluating;
- editing;
- proofreading.
- drawing on reading and research for initial ideas;
- considering how authors develop characters and settings in a narrative;
- using a wider range of literary, organisational and presentational devices (e.g. headings, bullet points, or underlining);
- suggesting changes to writing to increase its effectiveness;
- distinguishing between the language of speech and writing and choosing the right tone;
- performing their own writing and using intonation to make sure the meaning is clear.
- Teaching Vocabulary, Grammar, and Punctuation:
- use passive verbs;
- use the perfect form of verbs to show time and cause;
- use expanded noun phrases to show complicated information concisely;
- use modal verbs or adverbs;
- use relative clauses;
- use commas to avoid ambiguity and clarify meaning;
- use hyphens;
- use brackets, dashes, or commas for parenthesis;
- use semicolons, colons or dashes to show independent clauses;
- use a colon to introduce a list;
- punctuate bullet points consistently.
Reading and Comprehension Skills: Children should already have competent word reading skills and know what to do when they encounter new words. They should also be able to understand and interpret a variety of texts.
- Teaching further Reading and Comprehension skills:
- identify and discuss themes across a range of writing;
- be able to make comparisons within and to other books;
- learn poetry by heart;
- perform poems and plays aloud, taking note of intonation and tone;
- recognise and discuss how figurative language is used by the author to impact the reader;
- tell the difference between fact and opinion;
- present information they’ve learnt from a non-fiction text;
- explain and discuss their understanding of a piece of writing through debates and presentation;
- provide justified reasons for their views and opinions on a piece of writing.
Teaching Spoken Language:
- Teaching behaviour in discussions or debates:
- listen to and respond to adults and their peers;
- ask relevant questions;
- articulate their answers and opinions, using reasons to justify them;
- stay focused and actively contribute;
- speak audibly and fluently;
- gain, maintain and monitor the attention of other listeners;
- consider and evaluate viewpoints different from their own.
Maths Year 5 and 6:
The eight main maths areas, which are included in the national curriculum for maths throughout KS2 are:
- Number – Number and Place Value
- Number – Addition and Subtraction
- Number – Multiplication and Division
- Number – Fractions
- Measurement
- Geometry – Properties of Shape
- Geometry – Position and Direction (not included in year 3)
- Statistics
- Ratio and Proportion (Year 6 only)
- Year 6 Algebra (Year 6 only)
Year 5
- Teaching Number and Place Value:
- reading and writing numbers to at least 1,000,000.
- determine the value of each digit and count forwards and backwards in steps of powers of 10.
- read Roman numerals to 1000 and recognise years written in these numerals.
- Teaching Addition and Subtraction:
- adding and subtracting numbers, which have more than 4 digits.
- Teaching Multiplication and Division:
- identify multiples and factors.
- finding factor pairs of one number and common factors of two numbers.
- continue learning how to use formal written methods, including long multiplication and short division.
- solve multiplication and division problems by using their knowledge of squares, cubes, factors and multiples.
- Teaching Fractions:
- comparing and ordering fractions, while also learning more about equivalent and improper fractions.
- add and subtract fractions with the same denominator and denominators, which are multiples of the same number.
- know how to round decimals with two decimal places to the nearest whole number.
- Teaching Measurement:
- practise converting between different units of metric measure.
- learning about the approximate equivalences between metric units and common imperial units.
- learn about volume and capacity as well and solve problems, which include measure using decimal notation.
- Teaching Geometry- Shapes:
- expand their knowledge of angles and learn that angles are measured in degrees.
- identify 3D shapes from 2D representations.
- Teaching Geometry- Position and Directions:
- learn how to identify and represent the position of a shape following a reflection or translation.
- Teaching Statistics:
- continue to practise interpreting information in different pictorial representations and tables, including timetables.
- use information in a line graph to solve comparison, sum and difference problems.
Year 6
- Teaching Number and Place Value:
- determine the value of each digit of numbers up to 10,000,000, while being able to order and compare them.
- round whole numbers.
- be able to use negative numbers in context.
- Teaching Addition and Subtraction, Multiplication and Division:
- decide which operations and methods to use when solving addition and subtraction problems.
- use mental calculations when completing mixed operations and working with large numbers.
- use estimation to check answers to calculations.
- use the formal written method of long division when dividing numbers up to 4 digits by a two-digit number.
- Teaching Fractions:
- simplify fractions by using common factors.
- divide proper fractions by whole numbers
- use the concept of equivalent fractions to add and subtract fractions with different denominators and mixed numbers.
- Teaching Measurement:
- convert between standard units. This includes converting measurements of time, mass, length and volume from a larger unit of measure to a smaller unit and vice versa.
- convert between kilometres and miles.
- calculate the area of triangles and parallelograms.
- Teaching Geometry- Shapes:
- use given angles and dimensions to draw 2D shapes.
- build and describe simple 3D shapes, including making nets.
- know the names of different parts of circles and be able to illustrate them. This includes radius, diameter and circumference.
- Teaching Geometry- Position and Directions:
- use the full coordinate grid to describe positions, including all four quadrants.
- Draw simple shapes on the coordinate plane.
- Teaching Statistics:
- construct pie charts and line graphs and be able to interpret them.
- calculate the mean as an average.
- Teaching Ratio and Proportion:
- use the knowledge of fractions and multiples to solve problems, which include unequal sharing and grouping.
- solve problems, which include the calculation of percentages.
- know how to come up with a solution to problems, which include relative sizes of two quantities in the case the missing value can be found by using integer multiplication and division facts.
- Teaching Algebra:
- express missing number problems algebraically.
- describe linear number sequences and know how to generate them.
- use simple formulae.